{"id":146,"date":"2017-11-23T12:43:45","date_gmt":"2017-11-23T12:43:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/scoalabacani.ro\/?page_id=146"},"modified":"2018-02-26T11:27:27","modified_gmt":"2018-02-26T11:27:27","slug":"istoric","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/scoalabacani.ro\/?page_id=146","title":{"rendered":"Istoric"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0218COALA B\u0102CANI\u00a0SUB PECETEA\u00a0REGELUI CAROL \u0218I- A LUI SPIRU HARET<\/strong><br \/>\n<i>(Istoricul \u0218colii Gimnaziale Nr. 1, B\u0103cani)<\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">De\u0219i Al. I. Cuza d\u0103dea \u00eenc\u0103 din 1864 Legea instruc\u021biunii publice, prin care \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m\u00e2ntul primar devenea gratuit \u0219i obligatoriu, la B\u0103cani, \u0219coala va ap\u0103rea abia dup\u0103 1881 sub domnia regelui Carol I \u0219i \u00een vremea guvern\u0103rilor liberale. \u00cent\u00e2rzierea se explic\u0103 prin lipsa unui buget care s\u0103 duc\u0103 la ridicarea de construc\u021bii \u0219colare, prin lipsa manualelor \u0219colare dar \u0219i prin lipsa \u0219colilor normale capabile s\u0103 dea \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tori califica\u021bi. Iat\u0103 cum descria situa\u021bia la 1886 revizorul \u0219colar Petru Condrea,\u00a0 \u00een al s\u0103u <em>\u201eDic\u021bionar geografic al jude\u021bului Tutova\u201d<\/em>: \u201eB\u0103cani, sat \u00een jude\u021bul Tutova, plasa Simila, spre nord de B\u00e2rlad, aproape de confluen\u021ba p\u00e2r\u00e2ului Bogdana cu Simila. Are 245\u00a0 locuitori din care 33 \u0219tiu carte \u0219i 58 de case. Formeaz\u0103 comuna B\u0103cani cu c\u0103tunele Druje\u0219ti, Sus\u0103ni \u0219i Vulp\u0103\u0219eni. \u00cen \u00eentreaga comun\u0103 sunt 897 locuitori din care 69 \u0219tiu carte, 175 contribuabili \u0219i 233 de case. Se cultiv\u0103 via pe o suprafa\u021b\u0103 de 1325 hectare. Cu comer\u021bul se ocup\u0103 17 locuitori din care 15 rom\u00e2ni \u0219i 2 evrei, cu 9 stabilimente comerciale din care dou\u0103 c\u00e2rciumi. Are o \u0219coal\u0103 primar\u0103 de b\u0103ie\u021bi \u0219i un oficiu po\u0219tal rural sucursala acelui din Zorleni. \u00cen comun\u0103 sunt dou\u0103 biserici.\u201d Putem observa c\u0103 analfabetismul era cov\u00e2r\u0219itor, c\u0103 \u0219coala primar\u0103 p\u0103rea proasp\u0103t ap\u0103rut\u0103 (oricum dup\u0103 1880) \u0219i c\u0103 bisericile erau\u00a0 mai multe dec\u00e2t \u0219colile. La Arhivele statului din Vaslui cel mai vechi catalog \u0219colar al <strong><em>\u0218colii din B\u0103cani<\/em><\/strong> e datat 1899 \u0219i din el aflam c\u0103 \u00een c\u0103tunul B\u0103cani din comuna B\u0103cani, plasa Simila, jude\u021bul Tutova se g\u0103sea o \u0219coal\u0103 primar\u0103 mixt\u0103 cu clasele 1-5 av\u00e2ndu-l ca \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tor pe Vasile Sc\u00e2nteie. \u00cen clasa I erau 20 de elevi, 9 in clasa a II-a, \u00een clasa a III-a erau 5 elevi, \u00eentr-a IV-a existau 6 iar \u00een clasa a V-a erau 4 elevi. Vedem \u00een total 44 de elevi \u0219i mai putem remarca c\u0103 erau relativ pu\u021bini \u0219i c\u0103 deja \u0219coala nu mai era doar de b\u0103ie\u021bi, ci devenise mixt\u0103. Prin anii 30 registrele matricole ne arat\u0103 la B\u0103cani era un \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tor deosebit pe nume Ioan \u021aapu care terminase \u00een 1927 \u0218coala normal\u0103 la B\u00e2rlad cu media 7,70. Dac\u0103 \u00een 1929 avea gradul provizoriu el va ajunge \u00een anul 1946 s\u0103 aib\u0103 gradul superior, adic\u0103 cel mai \u00eenalt. Acest \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tor venea de la Voine\u0219ti, iar \u00een 1932 era ajuns la \u0218coala B\u0103cani. A fost recompensat de c\u0103tre minister cu titlurile \u201eR\u0103splata muncii pentru construc\u021bii \u0219colare\u201d \u00een 1936 \u0219i cu \u201eMul\u021bumiri pentru activitate \u0219colar\u0103 deosebit\u0103\u201d \u00een 1943, fapt care sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 a ctitorit cl\u0103direa \u0219colii din B\u0103cani. El e \u0219i ini\u021biator al construirii prin subscrip\u021bie public\u0103 a Monumentului eroilor b\u0103c\u0103neni ridicat \u00een 1939 \u0219i \u00eenc\u0103 existent.Va fi deta\u0219at al\u0103turi de so\u021bia sa tot \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103toare \u00een 1945 \u00een ora\u0219ul Bac\u0103u iar din 1946 va fi deta\u0219at la Inspectoratul \u0219colar Bac\u0103u.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Iat\u0103 \u0219i c\u00e2teva comentarii\u00a0 desprinse dintr-un catalog al \u0218colii B\u0103cani din anul 1940-1941, g\u0103sit la Arhivele statului Vaslui:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Pe prima pagin\u0103 g\u0103seam fotografia regelui Mihai \u0219i numele Ministerul Educa\u021biei Na\u021bionale. Asta arat\u0103 o r\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021b\u0103 a cultului personalit\u0103\u021bii conduc\u0103torului practicat anterior \u00een anii 38-40 sub dictatura regelui Carol al II-lea.<\/li>\n<li>Fa\u021b\u0103 de cei 44 de elevi c\u00e2\u021bi avea \u0219coala la 1886 \u00een clasele I-V, observ\u0103m c\u0103 \u00een septembrie 1940 erau \u00eenscri\u0219i 154 de copii. Asta dovede\u0219te o cre\u0219tere demografic\u0103 \u0219i o cre\u0219tere a frecven\u021bei \u0219colare asociat\u0103 cu progresul economico- cultural realizat de statul rom\u00e2n \u00een interbelic.<\/li>\n<li>La clasa I din 69 de elevi \u00eenscri\u0219i 43 au absentat \u0219i au r\u0103mas repeten\u021bi iar la clasa a V-a din cei 18 de elevi \u00eenscri\u0219i to\u021bi au absentat r\u0103m\u00e2n\u00e2nd \u0219i ei repeten\u021bi. Asta arat\u0103 ca \u021bara era neoficial \u00een r\u0103zboi, mul\u021bi b\u0103rba\u021bi fiind mobiliza\u021bi pe front \u00een r\u0103zboiul re\u00eentregirii iar copiii ,,luptau\u201d la muncile p\u0103m\u00e2ntului \u0219i nu la \u0219coal\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Legat de na\u0219terea <strong><em>\u0218colii Suseni<\/em><\/strong>, informa\u021bii g\u0103sim tot la Arhivele statului Vaslui. Astfel un proces verbal de inspec\u021bie datat septembrie 1909 atesta c\u0103 \u00een c\u0103tunul Suseni, comuna B\u0103cani, jude\u021bul Tutova exista o \u0219coal\u0103 mixt\u0103 cu trei clase condus\u0103 de \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torul provizoriu V. Iftimiu \u0219i care, spunea documentul \u00eemplinea deja un an de la \u00eenfiin\u021bare. Se mai preciza c\u0103 din 1909 \u0219coala avea local propriu cl\u0103dit dup\u0103 tipul dat de Casa \u0218coalelor, cu o singur\u0103 sal\u0103 de clas\u0103 \u0219i cancelarie. Inspec\u021bia g\u0103sise \u00eenscri\u0219i \u00een catalog 52 de elevi (33 la clasa I, 14 la clasa a II-a, 5 la clasa a III-a) \u0219i mai preciza c\u0103 \u00een 1908 (anul \u00eenfiin\u021b\u0103rii) fusese \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tor N. G\u00e2dei. Revizorul \u0219colar mai repro\u0219a \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torului c\u0103 avizele de chemare la \u0219coal\u0103 nu erau semnate \u0219i c\u0103 avizele de amendare nu erau \u00eentocmite. Alt proces verbal din mai 1911 ne spunea c\u0103 \u0219coala \u00eemplinea deja doi ani de la \u00eenfiin\u021bare \u0219i ne informa c\u0103 din noiembrie 1909 era condus\u0103 de \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torul definitiv Vasile Sc\u00e2nteie, venit prin transfer de la \u0218coala Ib\u0103ne\u0219ti. Se mai preciza c\u0103 gr\u0103dina \u0219colar\u0103 era parcelat\u0103 \u0219i sem\u0103nat\u0103, c\u0103 la clasa a II-a din 14 elevi \u00eenscri\u0219i 11 ,,urmau\u201d,\u00a0 \u00een vreme ce la a III-a din 5 elevi \u00eenscri\u0219i 3 ,,urmau\u201d sau c\u0103 elevii fuseser\u0103 g\u0103si\u021bi cura\u021bi \u0219i disciplina\u021bi \u201ebine preg\u0103ti\u021bi la toate obiectele, afar\u0103 de rom\u00e2n\u0103 \u0219i matematic\u0103\u201d. Arhivele vasluiene ne confirm\u0103 desigur c\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torii veni\u021bi la \u0218coala Suseni erau absolven\u021bi ai \u0218colii normale din B\u00e2rlad.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00cen fine, Arhivele vasluiene dau informa\u021bii \u0219i despre apari\u021bia <strong><em>\u0218colii Druje\u0219ti<\/em><\/strong>. Aici \u0219coala se \u00eenfiin\u021ba la 1920, iar st\u00e2lpul \u0219colii ap\u0103rea a fi \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torul Manolache Munteanu, absolvent al \u0218colii normale din B\u00e2rlad \u00een 1919 cu media 7,10. El ajungea la \u0218coala Druje\u0219ti \u00een 1920, prin deta\u0219are de la Ib\u0103ne\u0219ti unde era \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tor provizoriu.Va fi recompensat \u00een 1926 de c\u0103tre minister cu \u201eR\u0103splata muncii pentru construc\u021bii \u0219colare\u201d lucru care sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 e ctitor al cl\u0103dirii \u0218colii Druje\u0219ti. \u00cel reg\u0103sim \u00een 1939 ca ini\u021biator, al\u0103turi de \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torul \u021aapu din B\u0103cani \u0219i de al\u021bi intelectuali, al ridic\u0103rii Monumentului eroilor aflat \u0219i ast\u0103zi \u00een mijlocul satului. \u00cen 1943 \u00een vremea r\u0103zboiului era \u00eenc\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tor la Druje\u0219ti c\u0103ci ap\u0103rea \u00een cataloage al\u0103turi de \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103toarea Colo\u0219enco Natalia. Interesant, c\u0103 dup\u0103 r\u0103zboiul re\u00eentregirii \u00eel vedeam deta\u0219at la \u0218coala B\u0103cani \u00een 1946 \u0219i pe \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torul Colo\u0219enco Petru. Acest \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tor c\u0103s\u0103torit se pare cu Natalia f\u0103cuse \u0219coala normal\u0103<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">la Chi\u0219in\u0103u, promo\u021bia 1927, cu media 8 \u0219i\u00a0 ajunsese \u0219i el s\u0103 ob\u021bin\u0103 gradul I \u00een 1947. Analiza acestor materiale de arhiv\u0103\u00a0 ne permite urm\u0103toarele concluzii:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0218colile comunei B\u0103cani sunt crea\u021bia guvernelor liberale conduse de I. C. Br\u0103tianu, tat\u0103 \u0219i fiu \u0219i apar \u00een domnia regelui Carol I. Acest lucru e stimulat de crearea b\u0103ncii B.N.R. \u00een 1880 (care a dat salarizarea), de \u00eenfiin\u021barea \u0218colii normale din B\u00e2rlad \u00een 1870 (care a dat \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torii), de crearea Casei \u0218coalelor (care a adus manuale \u00een \u0219coli \u0219i investi\u021bii) sau de politica haretist\u0103 a ridic\u0103rii satului prin \u0219coal\u0103 \u0219i cultur\u0103.<\/li>\n<li>Majoritatea \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torilor care au slujit \u0219colile b\u0103c\u0103nene sunt rodul \u0218colii normale din B\u00e2rlad.<\/li>\n<li>\u0218colile primare erau mixte, cuprindeau clasele I-V \u0219i aveau maxim doi \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tori pe \u0219coal\u0103. Prima \u0219coal\u0103 apare \u00een satul B\u0103cani probabil dup\u0103 1881.<\/li>\n<li>Promovarea elevilor avea procente slabe din cauza muncilor agricole care \u00eei r\u0103peau pe copii de la \u0219coal\u0103 de\u0219i p\u0103rin\u021bii primeau de la \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tori avize de chemare sau avize de amendare pentru cei care \u00ee\u0219i \u021bineau copiii acas\u0103. Unii \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tori au avut ini\u021biativa ridic\u0103rii Monumentului eroilor b\u0103c\u0103neni din 1939 fiind \u00een acela\u0219i timp ctitori ai cl\u0103dirilor \u0219colilor b\u0103c\u0103nene, drept pentru care ministerul i-a r\u0103spl\u0103tit cu titluri \u0219i probabil cu premii \u00een bani.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torii se deta\u0219au des de la o \u0219coal\u0103 la alta \u0219i ob\u021bineau \u00een urma examenelor cinci grade didactice: provizoriu, definitiv, II, I, superior.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Prof. Romeo Chelaru<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0218COALA B\u0102CANI\u00a0SUB PECETEA\u00a0REGELUI CAROL \u0218I- A LUI SPIRU HARET (Istoricul \u0218colii Gimnaziale Nr. 1, B\u0103cani) De\u0219i Al. I. Cuza d\u0103dea \u00eenc\u0103 din 1864 Legea instruc\u021biunii publice, prin care \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m\u00e2ntul primar devenea gratuit \u0219i obligatoriu, la B\u0103cani, \u0219coala va ap\u0103rea abia &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/scoalabacani.ro\/?page_id=146\">Continu\u0103 s\u0103 cite\u0219ti <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"onecolumn-page.php","meta":{"two_page_speed":[],"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"folder":[],"class_list":["post-146","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/scoalabacani.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/146","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/scoalabacani.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/scoalabacani.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/scoalabacani.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/scoalabacani.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=146"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"http:\/\/scoalabacani.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/146\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":181,"href":"http:\/\/scoalabacani.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/146\/revisions\/181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/scoalabacani.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=146"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"folder","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/scoalabacani.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ffolder&post=146"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}